Analysis of Causes of Mastitis and Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns in China

Abstract

Mastitis in China is a common condition in breastfeeding as well as non-breastfeeding women. The causes of mastitis include congenital dysplasia, pathogen, and other diseases such as diabetes. The present study analyzed the main cause of mastitis and evaluated the antibiotic resistance patterns in cases with pathogen tested as positive. A total of 366 women were recruited in this study between October 2011 and May 2014. The abscess samples were obtained from the cases of mastitis with a breast abscess. The bacteria from
these samples were isolated and cultured and isolated. Finally, the drug sensitivity of these cases was assessed by antibacterial susceptibility testing (AST). The congenital nipple dysplasia comprised of 52.9% (126/238) breastfeeding cases, while the non-breastfeeding bacterial infection comprised of 40.6% (52/128). The bacterial susceptibility test showed that the pathogen in both breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding cases showed extensive resistant to
clindamycin, erythromycin, and penicillin. The rate of drug resistance in bacteria was lower in breastfeeding cases as compared to that in non-breastfeeding cases (P<0.05). The results showed that for the breastfeeding mastitis, the main cause is congenital nipple dysplasia, and bacterial infection in non-breastfeeding cases. For breastfeeding cases, emptying the breast and using ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and gentamicin as empirical choices before obtaining
bacterial susceptibility test results is recommended. For non-breastfeeding cases, Oxacillin and Moxifloxacin could be used as empirical treatment.