Development of Phase Change Materials for Refrigerated Transportation of Fruits and Vegetables

Abstract

Phase change materials (PCMS) are getting used more and more popularly in heating and refrigeration because of their environment friendliness and economic benefits. In this paper, research and development of organic phase change materials and inorganic-organic PCMS are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of PCMs are analyzed. The phase change cold storage composite material is developed. This composite material is composed of organic and inorganic matter. Its properties include melting point (-4.8 ℃ ) and phase change fusion latent heat are studied. The Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) is used to determine the properties. The results show that the material is of good thermal performance. It can be used in refrigerated transport for almost fruits and vegetables. The amount of PCMs B-type needed is calculated for a 20 feet cold hold-over plate refrigerator car. Calculations indicate this kind of refrigerator car is suitable for not more than 36 hours transport for some pre-cooled fruits or vegetables. The paper points out that the performance characteristics, theoretical model of heat transfer, phase transition mechanism and composite technology should be focused on, and organic composite phase change cold storage material is an important developing direction in the future.