A Power Controlled Energy-efficient Clustering Scheme for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Topology control is one of the most important technologies in wireless sensor networks. Many applications, combined with the methods of power control and hierarchical topology control strategy, can ultimately achieve the purpose of energy saving and topology optimization. Taken into consideration both power control and average energy of adjacent region, the paper proposes an energy efficient clustering algorithm for heterogeneous WSNs, called Power Controlled Clustering algorithm with Average Energy of Adjacent Region (PCCAEAR). In PCCAEAR, the cluster heads election process is divided into two stages. Firstly, the candidate cluster heads are elected by a probability based on the ratio between residual energy of each node and average energy of adjacent region. Secondly, a regional cluster head can be identified as the node with the highest residual energy within a certain range, while a candidate cluster head is communicating with other reachable candidate cluster heads in a certain transmission power. The cluster heads are elected in a stable number per round and evenly distributed in network, which make the network energy consumption more balanced. Simulation results show that PCCAEAR algorithm has a longer network lifetime, with the first node dead round number increasing by 6%, 14% and 22% respectively compared to DEEC, TCAC and REAC algorithms.